Halloween celebration

Most people expect to have fun ceremony of Halloween whether they know about Halloween's history and meaning or not. People like to dress in costumes and have a fun costume party. According to the history document, Halloween comes from the ancient Celtic festival which was related to death and dark. Many students in SIUC also do not celebrate Halloween because of either religious belief or cultural differences. After all, celebrating Halloween really depends on how people like to participate in the ceremony. In the past, SIUC students made big problems during Halloween break. For example, they fight, hit the car and break windows, even turn over the car. So SIUC was eliminating Halloween break.

I interviewed with one of the police officers who work in SIU Police, and he is kind and friendly. He feels that the Halloween celebration is better than before but it is not complete. The reason is students still make problems with the celebration. But as he said, after SIU decided to eliminate Halloween break, that changed students’ behavior. Also, his recommendation for Halloween is to spend profitable time with your friends and make special memories without overdrinking. In my opinion, I agree with what he thought. I think that students should know its true meaning and history, if they want to celebrate it, or, spending an ordinary night would be better.

By Hoon

Greenback Cutthroat Trout in Colorado

According to the article “Greenback Cutthroat Trout Recovery Plan” (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, 1998), the number of Greenback cutthroat trout in Colorado, especially the South Platte and Arkansas River drainage, is declining. This could destroy these areas’ ecosystem and also it could bring many kinds of pollutions. Those causes made them endangered. The declining numbers of trout are due to environmental factors caused by people’s over-fishing, non-native trout species and pollutions from this area’s agriculture. A decline or extinction of a certain species would bring imbalance to nature’s ecosystem, so we should make an effort to recover those kinds of species. As we have seen in many cases, we have destroyed native species by agriculture, cultivation and industrialization. Land and water exploitation, mining, logging, and unregulated fishing all took their toll in reducing the numbers and habitat of endemic trout populations in Colorado (Greenback Cutthroat Trout, 1978). By destroying Greenback Cutthroat Trout, finally, we are all damaged from our nature. These problems are caused by people’s over-harvest, non-native trout species, pollutions and recovery plan of government in Colorado area. Therefore, people should study and research about Greenback Cutthroat Trout and protect and recover them to save Colorado’s nature species.
One of the major reasons of reduction of Greenback cutthroat trout in Colorado is people’s over-fishing: unlimited fishing makes them endangered. “Their numbers began to decline due to over fishing” (Greenback cutthroat trout, 2004). To avoid their reduction, fishermen should follow catch-and- release action. According to the Greenback Cutthroat Trout Recovery Plan, “We should prepare a long term greenback management plan and cooperate agreement.” (1998. pp.3). Nature species will never change its situation in short time. Therefore, we should keep saving nature species for long time, in this case, especially to save and restore greenback cutthroat trout in Colorado. Like some fishermen who do not bring their fish home or keep them and release right after they catch fishes, “catch-and-release” could be used to reduce and protect them from endangered situation (Catch and Release Fishing, 2004). The government of Colorado should held “catch-and-release” campaign to enforce saving greenback trout. In addition, it maintains and save greenback cutthroat trout’s environmental situation, besides, avoids its future decline. According to the book “Greenback Cutthroat Trout Recovery Plan,” it says that Greenback cutthroat trout was listed as “endangered” in 1973, and down listed to “threatened” in 1978. Finally, about 10% of the greenback cutthroat trout was increased through people’s effort. Therefore, the government of Colorado should keep encourage people to save and protect greenback cutthroat trout from over fishing.
The second major reason of reduction of greenback cutthroat trout in Colorado is an attack of non-native salmonid species, such as rainbow trout, brook trout, brown trout and Yellowstone cutthroat trout in greenback cutthroat trout’s habitat (Greenback cutthroat trout, 1998). They eat Greenback cutthroat trout’s food, and, as a result, the number of their species increased. Greenback cutthroat trout usually lives in clear streams with cover and it requires cold-water temperature for spawning in June and they should compete with other spring spawning trout for food and space (1998). So, we need to supply them enough food and space to have more fishes than other trout species. For example, in my country, a few years ago, we had a serious problem with native species frog and it was absolutely due to the huge non-native frog came from other country. So, our government encouraged people to catch non-native species to protect our native-frogs and it was very successful. As a result of this, nowadays, we only we only can see a few of non-native frogs in my country. Like this situation, greenback cutthroat trout also needs to be listed as a specially protected trout by other non-native trout like brown and Yellowstone trout, which lives in the same environment and has same food. In the article “Greenback Cutthroat Trout,” it said “Conservation efforts started in 1959, and include removal of nonnative trout from greenback habitat, reintroduction and relocation of greenbacks” (1984). Likewise, the government of Colorado should have solutions for non-native trout species problem. There are some solutions for this matter, which are separating greenback trout form other nonnative species and feed separately, removing nonnative trout from greenback trout, and making greenback trout have more fishes. In addition, for example, there could be hatching ponds only for greenback cutthroat trout’s spawning, just like cultivation.
Another problem of decline greenback cutthroat trout is caused by pollutions from agriculture, cultivation and industrialization. In “Division of Wildlife in Colorado,” it says “Their numbers began to decline due to logging, livestock over-gazing, water diversions and municipal and industrial pollution.”(2004) Industrial development has made a lot of problems until now and this was the one of reason of endangered greenback cutthroat trout. In the Colorado area, Industrial pollution also made serious problems, such as increasing nitrogen in the air and water which could make nitrogen rain. And, it brought bad result for greenback cutthroat trout’s living and habitat. Although we already know this problem, people reacted very slowly and did not pay attention carefully than other major problems. Since greenback cutthroat trout have cold water spawning habitat, they need about 5-8。C of water temperature. Therefore, increase of water temperature caused by global warming has made their numbers decline. To keep their spawning habitat, people need more serious recovery plan about pollution problem, such as drainage cleaning system, keep researching about status of the trout’s environment and clean-water campaign.
There have been a lot of efforts from the government of Colorado to recover Greenback cutthroat trout’s nature environment. They have “The Greenback Cutthroat Trout Recovery Plan” from the government of Colorado (1998). According to them, the goal of their plan is to restore the greenback cutthroat trout to non-threatened status within its native range. In the book of Greenback cutthroat trout, it says “As a result of recovery efforts, captive bloodstocks were established, non-native trout were removed from suitable habitat, greenbacks were reintroduced, stable populations were developed and catch-and-release fisheries were initiated”(1998). As we can see above, the recovery plan of the government was somewhat successful, but it still need more efforts. Their recovery team also set up stream improvement projects and a hatchery-based restoration stocking program. According to the article “Greenback cutthroat trout,” they say that 20 stable populations of pure greenback cutthroat trout must be exist within its range with at least 5 populations existing in the Arkansas River drainage, in order for delisting to be considered. So, there should be needed more efforts for their recovery, like maintain existing greenback’s populations, establish 20 stable populations, conduct greenback recovery education and prepare a long-term greenback management plan.
Finally, reduction of number of greenback cutthroat trout in Colorado is not only a problem for greenback cutthroat trout, but also a problem of other endangered number of nature species. As I mentioned above about major three reasons of decline greenbacks, which are people’s over-harvest, non-native trout species and pollutions, I really agree with that those three things are causes of decline greenback cutthroat trout. We need to stop these happening and have to look carefully which way would be the safest and the best. Someday, the number of greenback cutthroat trout will be increased and it certainly depends on how the governments of Colorado will effort and how people react for this matter. Saving our nature species is very important issue and on of the biggest problem of us. People should remind that saving the nature species just like Greenback cutthroat trout in Colorado is not only for us, but also for our descendants.

References:

Greenback Cutthroat Trout Recovery Team (1998). Greenback cutthroat trout recovery plan. Denver, Colorado: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
Government Report (1998). Greenback Cutthroat Trout http://ecos.fws.gov/docs/life_histories/E00F.html
Government Report (2004). Greenback Cutthroat Trout. Denver, Colordo: Colorado Division of Wildlife
Rocky Mountain News. (May.2005). Colorado’s Top 2005 Fishing.
http://www.midcurrent.com/news/archives/001787.html

The Incredible Journey of the Greenback Cutthroat (April. 2004). Catch and Release Fishing. Colorado

Problems of Divorce

Hoon
EAP2 WW
Synthesis Essay
June 20, 2005


Divorce is dangerous and harmful to both children and parents, and divorced families suffer in many ways. The situations of each member are similar and differ at the same time. Divorce makes children endangered psychologically depending on the sex, age and developmental stage (Victoria, 1994). According to Wallerstein and Blakeslee (1990), divorce is a different experience for children and adults, because children lose family structure.

Children feel divorce at similar way they feel parents’ death and its experiences disturb close family relationships (Wallerstein, Blakeslee, 1990). Besides, “Children of divorced parents often invariably show fear, a sense of being unprotected, anxiety, aggression and anger and themselves become prone to divorce and sexual promiscuity when they grow up” (Lytle, 1994). Also, author Moody (1990) said that a 33 percent of divorced women who win to take of their children suffer from declined their standard of living.

Finally, divorce gives bad effects to both children and parents. Fred says, “Rampant divorce is dangerous not only to children, it also harms, often permanently, the husbands and wives who suffer through it. It lowers the moral tone of the entire nation, as society seconds the motion that we are entitled to look first of all after ourselves” (p. 78). After all, divorce endanger to all family members, especially children.

Greenback Cutthroat Trout

Hoon
EAP2 WW 053
Research Paper Proposal
June 15, 2005

According to the article of “Greenback Cutthroat Trout Recovery Plan,” (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, 1998) the number of Greenback cutthroat trout in the South Platte and Arkansas River drainage is declining. This could cause the destruction of ecosystem in the area and also it could bring many kinds of pollutions. The numbers decline of trout is due to environmental factors caused by people’s over-harvest, non-native trout species and pollutions caused by agriculture. A decline or extinction of certain species would bring imbalance to nature’s ecosystem, so we should make an effort to recover those kinds of species. As we have seen in many cases, we have destroyed nature species by agriculture, cultivation and industrialization. Land and water exploitation, mining, logging, and unregulated fishing all took their toll in reducing the numbers and habitat of endemic trout populations, (Greenback Cutthroat Trout, 1978) By destroying nature species, finally, we are all damaged from our nature. Therefore, we should study and research about nature species and protect and recover them to save our nature system.
Greenback cutthroat trout usually lives in clear streams with cover and it requires cold water temperature for spawning in June and they should compete with other spring spawning trout for food and space. So, we need to supply them enough food and space to have more fishes than other trout species. In my country, a few years ago, we had a serious problem with native species frog and it was absolutely due to the huge non-native frog came from other country. So, our government encourages people to catch non-native species to protect our native-frogs and it was very successful. Like this situation, greenback trout also needs to be threatened as specially protected by other non-native trout which lives in same environment and has same food. To avoid people’s over-fishing; fishers should follow catch and release action. “Prepare a long-term greenback management plan and cooperative agreement.” (Greenback Cutthroat Trout Recovery plan) Nature species will never change its situation in short time, so, we should keep doing our best for several decades. To save and restore greenback cutthroat trout, as I mentioned above, we should study and research about those species for long time. And, maintain these trout’s life environmental situation to avoid its number of decline. Like my example of my country, government should encourage people to save and protect greenback trout by catching non-native trout and keep water adequate for greenback trout. This is not only a problem for greenback cutthroat trout, but also a problem of other declined number of nature species.

References:

Greenback Cutthroat Trout Recovery Team (1998). Greenback cutthroat trout recovery plan. Denver, Colorado: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service

Government Report (1998). Greenback Cutthroat Trout http://ecos.fws.gov/docs/life_histories/E00F.html

Government Report (2004). Greenback Cutthroat Trout. Denver, Colordo: Colorado Division of Wildlife

The U.S. Department of the Interior’s U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service

EAP2
Hoon
May 31, 2005
Summary / Response



In this article, the author mentioned about the issue of Fort Carson’s Fish and Wildlife service military installation conservation partnership award. According to this article, In Colorado, Fort Carson achieved conservation issues including many wildlife animals and other kinds of environmental objectives. Fort Carson worked with agencies, universities and other support groups to contribute to natural resources conservation. Fort Carson is also working on use of renewable energy, reduction in water use and air pollution and many other environmental issues. This award has made for whom have significantly contributed for natural resources conservation.
In my opinion, most people have only concerned about more developed society and industry in the past without concerning about natural resources. However, there are many problems appearing in our environment nowadays. Therefore, like Fort Carson, we should more concern about our natural resources and environmental objectives. We have a lot of declining native species in the world and the numbers of species threatened with extinction are getting increase.
In many countries, nowadays, many people effort to prevent extinction of native species and conserve environmental objectives. They are developing renewable energies which is safe with air and water pollution and also making laws that legally protect many wildlife animals and native species.
To enhance natural resource conservation, government should encourage people to contribute natural resource conservation service program and everybody should participate and work together. Through these actions, we will save a lot of wildlife animals and save our environment. People should think about the future in decade. As we all effort together, we can change our future environment.

Scientist Discover Unexpected Pollutant While Monitoring Fragile Mountain Habitats

Hoon
Summary/Response #1


Scientist Discover Unexpected Pollutant While Monitoring Fragile Mountain Habitats


In this article, the author said that too much of a good thing could be little dangerous for ecosystem’s health. Especially, plant is concerned by amount of nitrogen. Scientist of FORT (Fort Collins Science Center) studies how much of nitrogen should be right for the ecosystem. According to the author, FORT scientists already have been studying the air, water, and soil of mountain habitats in Rocky Mountain National Park, Colorado for fourteen years. From this area, the result shows to high concentrations of nitrogen in lakes and small rivers. These studies have told amount of nitrogen in those areas was greater than FORT’s expectation. It is from acid rain and it making and became problems of ecosystem. Therefore, the future plan of FORT will examine the course of nitrogen moves stop to height of ecosystem.
Nowadays, we can feel easily what is going on in ecosystem and we already know every problem from human. I really agree what author saying with some of reasons. A problem of nitrogen is also from human. Such as, industrial development, breaking a natural law. Those things are source of most extreme dangerous thing for nature and ecosystem. Increasing nitrogen revel, changing ecosystem pyramid. Many things became huge and get worse. We have to look carefully attention our nature and have to defense our ecosystem. It is not just from acid rain, it from everywhere.

school safety

The article‘End segregated parking on campus’ that was issued by Daily Egyptian tells us about parking problems on campus. Lenie A. Adolphson, the author of this article, said that she was frustrated when she tried to find a parking space in a parking lot adjacent to Faner 10 minutes before her class. She was circling through parking lot about 25 minutes and she finally skipped the class. When she got out of the lot, she noticed that there was some empty spaces in lower deck, but those were prohibited to students. As a student, we are not allowed to purchase a blue ticket. Therefore, it means that we only can and should park at certain spaces for red decal. This parking policy seems to us like we are treated as second-class people. As she says about parking problems, I experienced those situations almost every day, especially in the morning.


I interviewed with one of students who has red decal for parking on campus. Her name is Nicole and she is a senior student. She said that she drives to school every day and also said that there is never have enough parking space on campus for students. She has negative feeling about people who drive fast, smoke cigarettes or use cell phone while driving. However, the most of all those problems is a lack of parking lots for students. She has charged for tickets of illegal parking, because she couldn’t find a parking space in the morning. To reduce all of these kinds of risks, the school should make a decision about parking lots for either students or faculty. In my opinion, insufficient parking space for students makes them drive competitively and fast in the morning. Usually, they know that there are not enough parking spaces while they drive to school on campus. That is one of reasons that they pass through crosswalks with people in them sometimes and drive fast. Besides, in comparis on parking lots for blue decals seem to have always enough space to allow every faculty and staff. On the other hands, red decal zones always have parking problems. I think that this school should be seriously concerned about parking spaces for students. They are not a second- class citizens and we have a right to have sufficient parking space just like the people who are using blue decal parking lots.

Rich
All Rights Reserved by Hoon